After the great Mughal empire weakened there was the spread of great Hindu empires and kingdoms in both the North and the South and also establishment of Sikh empire in the north. There was spread of sublime Christian philosophy among some sections of Indian society during the British colonial times but it occurred only after a lot of selfish ruthless colonial domination and exploitation by the British rulers and their “divide and rule” tactics.
Indian society was slowly coming out of medieval age. The two things that brought about “modernization” in Indian society were (1) spread of modern industrial culture (the city life,
the industrial and factory culture among
common people) and (2) spread of modern English education among university and college
students which created a ferment in their minds due to
comparative study of economic conditions
in western countries and India.
The spread of western education, western ideas of parliamentary
democracy and science resulted in an explosive political and social awakening
of India. This cultural renaissance was led by giant intellectuals like
Raja Rammohan Roy, Swamy Vivekananda, Eeshwar Chandra Vidyasagar,Rabindranath
Tagore, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Finally freedom struggle
carried out under the inspiring leadership of Mahatma Gandhi broke the
fetters.
In free India the great national reconstruction
programs in social and educational spheres by great educationists and great
social reformers have brought about a great peaceful social,
educational, economic revolution in Indian society. The various “Reservation Programs” guaranteed by the
Constitution of India are bringing about a great peaceful social, educational,
economic revolution in Indian society.
Here I wish to mention some
words of our great national leaders of the Freedom Movement
days. They said to the effect -- “Do not delay. Delay is dangerous.
Do not postpone things”. They seem to mean
that slowness will retard India’s economic and technological
progress. Here we may add a few more words--- “Be serious. Do not
laugh like a silly aimless children. Create a great aim for yourself and help
to build a new India—an India which is great in
educational, industrial and cultural spheres”.
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