It is felt by economic scientific experts that at present time also, still 22% of population lives below poverty line. Reasons for such poverty even at present time are many and are not faults of or neglect by governments . India is too vast a country with a huge population of 1.3 to 1.4 billion( one billion = one hundred crores). Though there is very great economic progress it is not visible due to population growth.
Experts
say that at time India gained independence 80% of the total population was
living in poverty. There was tremendous all round development during the last
80 years. Modern agricultural practices were adopted. Gigantic irrigation
projects were built and as a result there was great increase in agricultural
output. But due to population growth the results of progress are not visible .According
to World Bank figures poverty(extreme
poverty of very poor persons) fell from 22.5% in 2011 to 10.2% in
2019. The census and special surveys showed that STs and SCs make up a
large proportion of India's poor.
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Here we may remember the famous words of Mahatma Gandhi Father of
the Nation. They were part of his statement he gave on 23rd March
1922 at Ahmadabad to the judge of a British colonial court. He said that
before the British rulers came Indian economy was a rural based self-sufficient
economy .Each group of villages grew food fully sufficient for that entire
group and even much more than required. But under advice of the British rulers
the farmers switched for years to grow commercial crops for export instead of growing
food grains. This resulted in frequent artificial food scarcities, and rise in
prices. In situations of continuous draught for years there were serious
famines resulting in deaths of hundreds of thousands of people.
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